Dark circles are the dark discoloration of the skin under the eye. It is also referred to as dark rings or shadows. There can be a number of reasons for dark circles. Some of which are heredity, aging, dry skin, prolonged crying, working for long hours in front of the computer, mental or physical stress, lack of sleep and unhealthy diet. Dark circles can be seen in both men and women across different age groups. Even though dark circles are not a serious problem, they do make look people tired, exhausted, unhealthy and older.

Method of Treatment

Chemical Peels is a body treatment technique that improves and smoothens the texture of the facial skin. This is done by using a chemical solution that causes the shedding of dead skin and eventually peel off. The skin that gets regenerated is smoother and less wrinkled than the old skin. As this technique is done using chemical solutions, it is termed as chemical peel.

Laser

This treatment is used to reduce facial wrinkles and skin irregularities by using Laser resurfacing. This technique precisely removes the skin layer by layer. This is done by directing short, concentrated pulsating beams of light at irregular skin. This procedure is popularly called as lasabrasion, laser peel or laser vaporization.

Filler

A range of treatments like lip augmentation, wrinkle treatment, scar removal can be done using fillers. In this treatment injectable fillers like Juvederm or Restylane can be used. A variety of cosmetic concerns such as wrinkles, thin lips, acne scars and dark or puffy under-eyes can be rectified using injectable fillers.

Acne

The medical name for Acne is Acne Vulgaris. It is a skin disease that involves the oil glands at the base of hair follicles. The glands are stimulated by male hormones produced by the adrenal glands of both males and females. This commonly occurs during puberty as that is the time when the oil glands get stimulated.

Acne Scars

Acne scar is the skin condition that occurs after a severe stage of Acne. This condition is usually caused due to hormonal changes. In adolescence the inflammatory condition is see, however, acne can occur later in life too. Clogged pores cause the bacteria to multiply, thus triggering severe acne. It is more frequently seen in adolescent boys and girls. Acne can lead to scarring including pit like pock marks if not treated properly.

Black Spot

Excess secretion of melanin can cause dark spots, patches and other marks on the face. Over exposure to the sun, hormone imbalance, pregnancy, certain medications, vitamin deficiencies, lack of sleep and too much stress are some of the factors that can lead to such condition. Spot and patches can be a cause of embarrassment and even low self esteem. However, there are possible treatments for such conditions like acid peels and laser surgeries. A glowing facial complexion can be restored easily by lightening or eliminating many black spots or dark patches using the techniques mentioned.

Methods of Treatment

CO2 Fractional Rx

This technique removes thin layers of skin with minimal heat damage by using very short pulsed light energy (known as ultrapulse) or continuous light beams that are delivered in a scanning pattern. This is the newest version of CO2 laser resurfacing (fractioned CO2). This treatment takes upto 2 weeks of recovery time.

Chemical Peels

Removal of skin’s outer layers by means of peels allows new tissue to grow free of acne and scars. Hence, chemical peels are ideal for the treatment of superficial acne scarring. However, deeper scars can only be reduced, but not removed entirely.

Laser Rx

Lasers are one of the most popular treatments for acne scarring. Lasers damage the bacterial wall, effectively killing the bacteria responsible for acne. The kind of lasers used are Diode, Pulsed Dye, Fractional, KTP, Infrared, Potassium Titanyl Phosphate, Nd:YAG, IPL .etc.

Pigmentation

A pigment named melanin is produced by specialized cells called melanocytes. This pigment is responsible for the coloring of skin, hair, mucous membranes and retina of the eye. Pigmentation is caused due to the deposition of this pigment, melanin. Too much pigmentation is termed as Hyperpigmentation, too little pigmentation is termed as hypopigmentation or underpigmentation whereas loss of pigment is called as depigmentation.

Melasma

Melasma is another skin pigmentation disorder that occurs in people with brown skin and is a cause of misery. An irregular brownish or grey brownish marks appear on the facial skin as a result of this disorder. This problem occurs due to functional disorder of the cells that produce and contain the melanin pigment.

Method of Treatment

Chemical Peel

Chemical peels are well-known line of treatment for melasma. Chemical peeling is done by applying chemical agents to the skin. This causes the removal of the effected part of the epidermis in a controlled manner which leads to exfoliation and removal of superficial lesions, thus allowing the regeneration of epidermal and dermal tissues.

Chemical Peels in melasma act by means of causing a controlled chemical burn to the skin, thus removing the unwanted melanin. Time and again, Peels have been proved to be useful in melasma, not only as a sole treatment but also as an adjunct to other topical therapies.

Moles

Skin growths that are made up of cells that produce colour (pigment) are known as Moles. Moles can appear alone or in groups, anywhere on the skin. Moles can be blue, black or flesh-coloured, but usually they are brown. Moles can cause pain only when you rub them or bump them against something, but generally moles are harmless and do not cause any pain.

Skin Tags

Skin tags are nothing but small, soft pieces of skin that stick out. They can appear anywhere, but are mostly seen in the areas of the neck, armpits, upper trunk and body folds. The actual cause of skin tags are not known and they are harmless.

Warts

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection that causes local growths in the skin is called as Warts. There are over 100 types of HPVs. Some of the HPV types can infect the genital tract causing genital warts and cancer in these areas. Common skin warts are caused by other HPV types and are not associated with cancer. Warts generally affect just one part of the body (such as hands or feet), however, they can spread to other areas also. Warts are considered to be contagious but it is commonly seen in just one family member.

Method of Treatment

Surgical Co2

This is the earliest laser to be developed and used. This laser is considered to be most reliable and can be used for a wide variety of applications. This laser is known to be appropriate for such treatments because the moisture can very well absorb the power emitted by these lasers efficiently.